Tumors

Source: news.yahoo.com --- 1 day ago
HealthDay - FRIDAY, Oct. 10 (HealthDay News) -- Using chemotherapy alone, and delaying or avoiding radiation altogether, may be effective in treating children with inoperable or progressive low-grade glioma brain Tumors, according to a multi-institutional study. ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 4 days ago
Related Articles Accuracy of intraoperative frozen section in the diagnosis of ovarian Tumors. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2008 Aug;48(4):438-41 Authors: Yarandi F, Eftekhar Z, Izadi-Mood N, Shojaei H BACKGROUND: Ovarian neoplasms are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in women. The surgical management of ovarian neoplasms depends on their correct categorisation as benign, borderline and malignant. AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the clinical benefits of intraoperative frozen section analysis into the surgical management policy of women referred with an adnexal mass suspicious of ovarian cancer. METHODS: A retrospective study of 106 ovarian frozen section results was examined to determine the accuracy of frozen section diagnosis. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value of frozen section were studied. RESULTS: The overall accuracy to determine the status of malignancy was 93.3%. Sensitivity of the test was highest in the benign groups at 97.4% and lowest in the borderline groups at 25%. The accuracy of frozen section was 80% in serous tumours and 60% in mucinous. There were two (2.5%) false positive, three (10.7%) false negative and two overestimated diagnosis in frozen section examination. Eight malignancies (30.7%) were of metastatic origin, all of which (100%), were correctly identified on frozen section. CONCLUSION: Frozen section appears to be an accurate technique ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 9 days ago
Related Articles Therapeutic potential of replication-selective oncolytic adenoviruses on cells from familial and sporadic desmoid Tumors. Clin Cancer Res. 2008 Oct 1;14(19):6187-92 Authors: Peerlinck I, Amini-Nik S, Phillips RK, Iggo R, Lemoine NR, Tejpar S, Vassaux G PURPOSE: Constitutive activation of the Wnt signaling pathway is a hallmark of many cancers and has been associated with familial and sporadic desmoid Tumors. The aim of the present study is to assess the therapeutic potential of oncolytic adenoviruses selectively replicating in cells in which the Wnt signaling pathway is active on primary cells from desmoid Tumors. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Primary cells extracted from familial (n = 3) or sporadic (n = 3) desmoid Tumors were cultured short term. Cancer cell survival and viral replication were measured in vitro upon infection with two different oncolytic adenoviruses targeting a constitutive activation of the Wnt signaling pathway. Adenoviral infectivity was also assessed. RESULTS: Although cells extracted from one sporadic desmoid tumor responded very well to the oncolytic action of the adenoviruses (<20% of viable cells upon infection at a multiplicity of infection of 10), cells from two tumor samples were totally resistant to the viral action. Cells from the remaining samples showed intermediate sensitivity to the oncolytic viruses. These effects were correlated to the level of infectivity of the cells. Finally, in respon ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 1 day ago
PET imaging in neuroendocrine Tumors: current status and future prospects. Minerva Endocrinol. 2008 Sep;33(3):257-75 Authors: Basu S, Kumar R, Rubello D, Fanti S, Alavi A Neuroendocrine Tumors (NET) are relatively rare diverse group of Tumors that possess several unique characteristics and occur most commonly in the gastrointestinal tract. An important feature of these Tumors is that they express somatostatin (SST) receptors, and thus can be successfully targeted with specific radiolabeled SST receptor related compounds. This has led to the introduction of multitude of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) tracers, which have significantly improved the ability for imaging these neoplastic lesions with high spatial resolution in the abdomen and elsewhere in the body. The introduction of Gallium-68 labeled radiopharmaceuticals as viable PET agents have added a new dimension to the management of patients with NET by providing high quality images compared with planar or SPECT with single photon emitting preparations. (18)F-labeled DOPA has demonstrated impressive results in differentiating between focal and diffuse disease in hyperinsulinism of the newborn which appears to be of crucial clinical benefit and has altered the management of these patients significantly. With regard to other types of NET, the current experience with such agents is relatively limited and therefore prospective ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 8 days ago
Related Articles [Radiotherapy of adult glial Tumors: new developments and perspectives] Rev Neurol (Paris). 2008 Jun-Jul;164(6-7):531-41 Authors: Maire JP, Huchet A, Catry-Thomas I Adult gliomas (WHO grade II, III and IV) are heterogeneous primitive brain Tumors. The prognosis of these Tumors depends on multiple factors such as age at diagnosis, Karnofsky score, histopathology, biology and treatments. Radiotherapy (RT) plays an important role in the treatment strategy, after surgery. RT has been evaluated in terms of survival, median time to progression and toxicity. Techniques of RT have improved, during the last two decades: neuro-imaging (CT-scan, MRI and PET) and dedicated computers for dosimetry make it possible to deliver an homogeneous dose in the target volume while sparing normal tissues. Photons X are usually delivered with stereotactic or conformational noncoplanar techniques. Total doses delivered range from 50.4 to 60 Gy (1.8-2 Gy/fraction). Median survivals are different with regard to the tumor grade. However, genetic and biological factors also are important prognostic factors such as inactivation of the MGMT gene for glioblastomas and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) 1p/19q, usually associated with pure oligodendroglioma. During the 1990s, temozolomide (TMZ) was specifically developed as a chemotherapy agent against primary brain Tumors. The current TMZ/RT regimen in newly diagnosed GBM has been proposed as a standard tr ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 4 days ago
Related Articles Immunoembolization of Malignant Liver Tumors, Including Uveal Melanoma, Using Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor. J Clin Oncol. 2008 Oct 6; Authors: Sato T, Eschelman DJ, Gonsalves CF, Terai M, Chervoneva I, McCue PA, Shields JA, Shields CL, Yamamoto A, Berd D, Mastrangelo MJ, Sullivan KL PURPOSE: We conducted a phase I study to investigate the feasibility and safety of immunoembolization with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF; sargramostim) for malignant liver Tumors, predominantly hepatic metastases from patients with primary uveal melanoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-nine patients with surgically unresectable malignant liver Tumors, including 34 patients with primary uveal melanoma, were enrolled. Hepatic artery embolization accompanied an infusion of dose-escalated GM-CSF (25 to 2,000 microg) given every 4 weeks. Primary end points included dose-limiting toxicity and maximum tolerated dose (MTD). Patients who completed two cycles of treatments were monitored for hepatic antitumor response. Survival rates of patients were also monitored. RESULTS: MTD was not reached up to the dose level of 2,000 microg, and there were no treatment-related deaths. Thirty-one assessable patients with uveal melanoma demonstrated two complete responses, eight partial responses, and 10 occurrences of stable disease in their hepatic metastases. The median overall survival of intent-to-treat patients ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 1 day ago
Optical Reflectance Spectroscopy to Differentiate Benign From Malignant Renal Tumors at Surgery. Urology. 2008 Oct 7; Authors: Bensalah K, Peswani D, Tuncel A, Raman JD, Zeltser I, Liu H, Cadeddu J OBJECTIVES: Optical reflectance spectrophotometry (ORS) is part of a group of novel techniques that have demonstrated promise for the assessment and differentiation of various solid Tumors. In this study, we evaluated the ability of ORS to differentiate malignant from benign kidney Tumors at surgery. METHODS: From January to April 2007, we completed optical spectroscopy measurements (OSM) at several standardized tumoral and normal parenchymal locations immediately after specimen removal during radical or partial nephrectomy. The depth of tissue penetration with our specific probe was 1 mm. We compared the slopes of the optical reflectance curves between 630- and 900-nm wavelengths and assessed the correlation between benign and malignant Tumors. RESULTS: There were 8 partial and 13 radical nephrectomies for 6 benign (oncocytomas) and 15 malignant (14 clear cell and 1 papillary) Tumors. Overall, benign and malignant OSM slopes were significantly different (P = .005). In the near-infrared region, there was excellent correlation among benign (r = .99) and malignant OSM (r = .97). On the contrary, there was a poor correlation coefficient when we compared benign and malignant Tumors (r = .49). CONCLUSIONS: Optical reflectance spectrophotometry ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 3 days ago
Related Articles Rabbit VX2 Tumors as an animal model of uterine fibroids and for uterine artery embolization. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2007 Mar;18(3):411-8 Authors: Rhee TK, Ryu RK, Bangash AK, Wang D, Szolc-Kowalska B, Harris KR, Sato KT, Chrisman HB, Vogelzang RL, Paunesku T, Woloschak GE, Larson AC, Omary RA PURPOSE: To determine the suitability of the rabbit VX2 tumor animal model for uterine fibroids and uterine artery embolization (UAE). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors implanted and grew one uterine VX2 tumor per rabbit in six rabbits. UAE was performed by using 100-300 microm embolic particles and confirmed with x-ray digital subtraction angiography, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and necropsy. Unenhanced and contrast medium-enhanced MR images of VX2 Tumors were obtained before and after UAE. Relative MR signal-to noise-ratio (SNR) was measured in the uterine VX2 tumor and in normal uterine tissue before and after UAE and compared by using a paired t-test (P = .05). RESULTS: VX2 uterine Tumors were successfully grown, and both VX2 tumor presence in the uterus and UAE were seen angiographically and confirmed with necropsy in all six rabbits. Statistically significant reductions in relative SNRs were measured in Tumors (SNR before UAE, 15.3 +/- 5.15; SNR after UAE, 3.84 +/- 3.94; P < .0001). No statistically significant decrease in SNR was measured in normal uterine tissue before and after UAE (P = .63 for the right uterine hor ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 11 days ago
Related Articles THE UTILITY OF ONYX FOR PREOPERATIVE EMBOLIZATION OF CRANIAL AND SPINAL Tumors. Neurosurgery. 2008 Jun;62(6):1204-1212 Authors: Gore P, Theodore N, Brasiliense L, Kim LJ, Garrett M, Nakaji P, Gonzalez LF, McDougall CG, Albuquerque FC OBJECTIVE: To assess the utility, technical factors, and complications associated with the use of Onyx (Micro Therapeutics, Inc., Irvine, CA) for preoperative embolization of cranial and spinal Tumors. METHODS: We reviewed a prospectively accumulated database for patients in whom Onyx was used for preoperative embolization of cranial and spinal Tumors over a 19-month period. The patients' demographic characteristics, tumor type and location, embolic agents used, arteries catheterized, and associated complications were assessed. Specific attention was focused on technical factors associated with the use of Onyx that differed from the use of other commonly used embolic materials. RESULTS: Ten patients (four female and six male; age range, 11-60 yr) underwent preoperative embolization with Onyx before cranial or spinal tumor resection. Tumors included three juvenile nasal angiofibromas, two meningiomas, two hemangioblastomas, two metastases (renal cell and thyroid), and one giant cell tumor. Onyx embolization was performed in 43 vessels over 11 treatment sessions. There were no complications related to the embolization procedures. Deep penetration of the embolic agent into the tumor was docu ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 11 hours ago
Related Articles Survival after resection of primary cardiac Tumors: a 48-year experience. Circulation. 2008 Sep 30;118(14 Suppl):S7-15 Authors: Elbardissi AW, Dearani JA, Daly RC, Mullany CJ, Orszulak TA, Puga FJ, Schaff HV BACKGROUND: Primary cardiac Tumors are rare but have the potential to cause significant morbidity if not treated in an appropriate and timely manner. To date, however, there have been no studies examining survival characteristics of patients who undergo surgical resection. METHODS AND RESULTS: From 1957 to 2006, 323 consecutive patients underwent surgical resection of primary cardiac Tumors; 163 (50%) with myxomas, 83 (26%) with papillary fibroelastomas, 18 (6%) with fibromas, 12 (4%) with lipomas, 28 (9%) with other benign primary cardiac Tumors, and 19 (6%) with primary malignant Tumors. Operative (30 day) mortality was 2% (n=6). Univariate analysis indicated that patients who underwent resection of fibromas and myxomas had superior survival characteristics in comparison to the remainder of tumor variants; these results were consistent after adjusting for age at surgery, year of surgery, and cardiovascular risk factors. Based on actuarial characteristics of the 2002 U.S. population, patients who underwent myxoma resection had survival characteristics that were not significantly different from that of an age and gender matched population (SMR 1.11, P=0.57) whereas those who underwent resection of fibromas (SMR 1 ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 7 days ago
Related Articles [Results of surgical treatment of residual and recurrent anal Tumors.] Khirurgiia (Mosk). 2008;(8):4-9 Authors: Vorob'ev GI, Shelygin IA, Nechushkin MI, Rybakov EG Radio- or chemotherapy is a modern standart of anal cancer treatment. Recurrence or partial remission rate after radiochemotherapy achieves 20-40%. The study is aimed to evaluate the role of abdominoperineal resection in the treatment of residual and recurrent anal cancer. 120 patients (aged from 30 to 81 (59+/-11) years, men:women ratio - 1:9) were prospectively studied in the period of 1995 to 2007. The TNM distribution was as follows: T1-2N0M0 - 66(55,0%), T3-4N0M0 - 18(15,0%), T1-2N1-3M0 - 15(12,5%) and T3-4N1-3M0 - 21(17,5%) patients. The radiotherapy delivered in a dose range of 55-65Gy was used alone or in combination with chemotherapy with 5-fluoruracil, mitomycin C or Xeloda. The complete tumor regression after radiotherapy/radiochemotherapy was achieved in 74(61,1%) of 120 patients with cancerspecific survival rate of 81,7%. Partial tumor regression was registered in 46 of 120 patients. The abdominoperineal resection was performed in 39(84,8%) of patients with the residual tumor. Thus, surgical treatment allowed secondary local tumor control in 76,9% of patients with the 5-year survival rates of 69,0%. The median survival time for the non-operated patients, including those, received an extra course of radiotherapy, was 19 months. The locoregional t ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 7 days ago
Related Articles An alternative treatment for facial nerve Tumors: short-term results of radiotherapy. Ear Nose Throat J. 2008 Oct;87(10):574-7 Authors: Hillman TA, Chen DA, Fuhrer R A review of medical records of patients undergoing radiotherapy for facial nerve Tumors was undertaken to determine subsequent facial nerve results, hearing results, and tumor control. Two patients with facial nerve Tumors received this treatment. Facial nerve function remains excellent in one patient and significantly improved in the other. Neither tumor demonstrated growth. Current philosophies of facial nerve schwannoma management attempt to balance tumor control with facial nerve function. Radiotherapy for these Tumors appears to preserve short-term facial function and may be a viable alternative to surgical management. PMID: 18833535 [PubMed - in process] ...

Source: www.news.harvard.edu --- 7 days ago
Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) researchers are investigating a new approach to gene therapy for brain Tumors - delivering a cancer-fighting gene to normal brain tissue around the tumor to keep it from spreading. An animal study described in the journal Molecular Therapy, the first study to test the feasibility of such an approach, found that inducing mouse brain cells to secrete human interferon-beta, a protein, suppressed and eliminated growth of human glioblastoma cells implanted nearby. ...

Source: www.sfgate.com --- 7 days ago
As a young neurosurgery resident at UCSF in the late '90s, Dr. Charles Cobbs developed a hunch about brain Tumors. It was a theory that he now concedes "was not based on a lot of scientific things." Cobbs had observed that his patients diagnosed with... ...

Source: www.philly.com --- 5 days ago
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Source: www.kansascity.com --- 2 days ago
A Kansas City law firm representing people in the Cameron area who have been diagnosed with brain Tumors will hold a town hall meeting today. ...

Source: www.medicalnewstoday.com --- 9 days ago
When an arteriovenous malformation ruptured near the base of Anna Ruth McLinn's brain on Oct. 8, 2007, the retired elementary school principal underwent emergency surgery at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center that saved her life. The bulk of the malformation - an abnormal tangle of blood vessels - was removed and a clip was put in place to reduce the risk of further rupture. Because the lesion was positioned adjacent to her spinal cord, however, the surgeon could not safely remove 100 percent. ...

Source: www.sciencedaily.com --- 4 days ago
A new study has found that using chemotherapy alone and delaying or avoiding cranial radiation altogether can be effective in treating pediatric patients with unresectable or progressive low-grade glioma. ...

Source: stacks.iop.org --- 10 days ago
Author(s): I dos Santos, D Correia, A J M Soares, J A Góes, A F da Rocha, D Schutt and D Haemmerich Affiliation(s): Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF 70910-900, Brazil; Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Medical University of South Carolina, 165 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 29425, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA ...

Source: nano.cancer.gov --- 2 days ago
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