Tuberculosis

Source: news.yahoo.com --- 5 days ago
CHARLOTTE, N.C. --- A case of Tuberculosis has been confirmed on the campus of UNC Charlotte, and the student has been quarantined. He is doing better but will likely remain in isolation for at least another week. ...

Source: news.yahoo.com --- 2 days ago
Time.com - Is the global health community in denial about the severity of the TB problem? ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 6 days ago
Related Articles [Tuberculin sensitivity in old children with new-onset active Tuberculosis] Probl Tuberk Bolezn Legk. 2008;(8):19-22 Authors: In recent years, there have been reports on the reduced diagnostic value of a tuberculin test with 2 TE PPD-L. Tuberculin diagnosis is a ground for suspecting Tuberculosis only in 25.9 +/- 0.06% of cases in senior pupils and in 10.7 +/- 0.03% amongst adolescents. This is associated with the higher proportion tuberculin-positive individuals and it is very difficult to make the diagnosis in children with monotonous tuberculin sensitivity. A contact with a bacterium-discharging person undoubtedly increases a risk for the disease, but fails to affect the true outcome of delayed hypersensitivity. According to the date of this study, comorbidity and helminthic invasion have no significant impact on tuberculin sensitivity. Reactivation impairs immune homeostasis towards inadequate immune system performance. PMID: 18822474 [PubMed - in process] ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 2 days ago
Related Articles [Profile of Tuberculosis patients progressing to death, city of São Paulo, Brazil, 2002.] Rev Saude Publica. 2008 Oct;42(5):805-12 Authors: Lindoso AA, Waldman EA, Komatsu NK, Figueiredo SM, Taniguchi M, Rodrigues LC OBJECTIVE: To profile adult patients dying of Tuberculosis in the city of São Paulo with respect to biological, environmental and institutional factors. METHODS: Descriptive study covering all Tuberculosis deaths (N=416) among individuals aged over 15 years in 2002. Data were obtained from hospital records, the local Mortality Information System, Coroner's Service, and Tuberculosis Surveillance System. The estimates of relative risk and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were based on the reference group, i.e., females aged 15 to 29 years, originally from the State of São Paulo (Brazil). A comparative analysis was conducted using Pearson's chi-square test and Fisher's exact test for categorical variables and Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous variables. RESULTS: Of all Tuberculosis deaths identified, 78% had pulmonary form. Tuberculosis diagnosis was made after death in 30% and in primary health care units in 14%. Of them, 44% had not started treatment; 49% were not notified; and 76% were men. The median age was 51 years; 52% had up to four years of schooling; 4% were probably living in the streets. Mortality rate increased with age; it was 5.0/100,000 for the entire city, ranging between zero to 35 accord ...

Source: www.moreover.com --- 3 days ago
Giving ART while TB treatment was still ongoing dramatically improved survival among HIV/TB-coinfected patients in a large clinical trial in South Africa. ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 5 days ago
Related Articles [Susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis isolates to primary antituberculous drugs on chocolate agar: a preliminary study] Mikrobiyol Bul. 2008 Jul;42(3):477-81 Authors: Coban AY, Bilgin K, Akgüneş A, Durupinar B The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of chocolate agar as an alternative medium instead of Middlebrook 7H10 agar, for the susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis strains against isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RIF), streptomycin (STR) and ethambutol (ETM). The susceptibility results obtained by chocolate agar were compared with the results of BACTEC 460 TB (Becton Dickinson, Sparks, MD, USA) system which was accepted as the reference method. A total of 25 M. Tuberculosis clinical isolates were included to the study and susceptibility testing was performed on malachite green added-chocolate agar with some modifications of proportion method recommended by NCCLS. In our study when comparing the results obtained by chocolate agar with the results of BACTEC 460 TB system, the concordance rates for INH, STR, RIF and ETM were found as 88%, 88%, 84% and 72%, respectively. The specificity, sensitivity, positive and negative predictive values of susceptibility testing on chocolate agar have been detected as 82.3%, 100%, 72.7% and 100% for INH; 78.5%, 100%, 78.5% and 100% for RIF; 83.3%, 84.2%, 94.1% and 62.5% for STR; 25%, 94.1%, 72.7% and 66.6% for ETM, respectively. The results of the s ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 4 days ago
Related Articles Pulmonary Tuberculosis among people living with HIV/AIDS attending care and treatment in rural northern Tanzania. BMC Public Health. 2008 Sep 30;8(1):341 Authors: Ngowi BJ, Mfinanga SG, Bruun JN, Morkve O ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis is the commonest opportunistic infection and the number one cause of death in HIV/AIDS patients in developing countries. To address the extent of the Tuberculosis HIV coinfection in rural Tanzania we conducted a cross sectional study including HIV/AIDS patients attending a care and treatment clinic from September 2006 to March 2007. METHODS: Sputum samples were collected for microscopy, culture and drug susceptibility testing. Chest X-ray was done for those patients who consented. Blood samples were collected for CD4+ T cells counts. RESULTS: The prevalence of Tuberculosis was 20/233 (8.5%). Twenty (8.5%) sputum samples were culture positive. Eight of the culture positive samples (40%) were smear positive. Fifteen (75%) of these patients neither had clinical symptoms nor chest X-ray findings suggestive of Tuberculosis. Nineteen isolates (95%) were susceptible to rifampicin, isoniazid, streptomycin and ethambutol (the first line Tuberculosis drugs). One isolate (5%) from HIV/Tuberculosis coinfected patients was resistant to isoniazid. No cases of multi- drug resistant Tuberculosis were identified. CONCLUSION: We found high prevalence of Tuberculosis disease in this setting. Chest radi ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 4 days ago
Related Articles An Assessment of the Ability of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Serology to Detect Active TB Disease. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2008 Sep 30; Authors: Anderson BL, Welch RJ, Litwin CM Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (Mtb) remains a major world disease, with approximately 9 million new cases each year. Identification and treatment of active disease is essential for Mtb control. Serology may offer increased detection of active disease in patients with a positive tuberculin skin test (TST) or QuantiFERON(R)-TB (QFT-G). The InBios Active TbDetect(TM) IgG ELISA, IBL Mtb IgG ELISA, and Anda Biologics TB ELISAs were evaluated for the ability to detect Mtb antibodies in patients with active disease. Agreement, sensitivity, and specificity were determined for each ELISA compared to culture or amplified direct detection and Mtb low-risk control patients. InBios Active TbDetect(TM) had an agreement of 96.2%, a sensitivity of 83.3%, and a specificity of 98.9%. The IBL Mtb ELISA had an agreement of 84.0%, a sensitivity of 5.6%, and a specificity of 100.0%. The agreement, sensitivity, and specificity of Anda Biologics TB ELISA were 74.2%, 83.3%, and 72.0% respectively. The sensitivity for detecting Mtb antibodies in HIV-associated Tuberculosis was 50% for both the InBios Active TbDetect(TM) and the Anda Biologics TB ELISA and 0% for the IBL Mtb ELISA. The percent positivity for InBios Active TbDetect(TM) ELISA, IBL Mtb ELISA, and Anda Biologics TB ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 1 day ago
Related Articles LspA inactivation in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis results in attenuation without affecting phagosome maturation arrest. Microbiology. 2008 Oct;154(Pt 10):2991-3001 Authors: Rampini SK, Selchow P, Keller C, Ehlers S, Böttger EC, Sander P The success of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis depends on its ability to survive within host macrophages. Here, M. Tuberculosis avoids the acidic, hydrolytically competent environment of the phagolysosome by arresting phagosome maturation. Having shown previously that a M. Tuberculosis mutant deficient in lipoprotein signal peptidase (LspA) is strongly attenuated in vivo in a mouse model of infection, we now studied putative mechanisms involved in attenuation of the lspA : : aph mutant at a cellular level. In this work we investigated the ability of the mutant to interfere with two host defence mechanisms, i.e. Toll-like receptor (TLR)2-dependent immune response and phagosome maturation. While mycobacterial lipoproteins have been reported to trigger a TLR2 signalling pathway critical for innate immune responses, we found that growth control of the lspA : : aph mutant was independent of TLR2. In addition, the lspA : : aph mutant arrested phagosome maturation to an extent similar to that of the wild-type, as measured by lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1) co-localization and intraphagosomal pH. These observations demonstrate severe attenuation even in the presence of arrested phagoso ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 5 days ago
Related Articles Surgical aspects of thoracic Tuberculosis: a contemporary review--part 1. Curr Probl Surg. 2008 Oct;45(10):675-758 Authors: Pezzella AT, Fang W PMID: 18774374 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ...

Source: www.usatoday.com --- 4 days ago
Tourists and city dwellers strolling the technicolored streets of New York's Times Square tonight will witness an event unprecedented ... ...

Source: www.sfgate.com --- 3 days ago
James Nachtwey , a photojournalist who has spent his career documenting wars and social conflicts, published on Friday a series of devastating photographs on the ravages of drug-resistant... ...

Source: www.cdc.gov --- 6 days ago
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Source: www.medscape.com --- 2 hours ago
Extensively drug-resistant Tuberculosis is an emerging disease with a very poor prognosis and limited response to existing treatments, including linezolid. The best second-line treatments have moderate efficacy and immoderately high toxicity. Medscape Medical News ...

Source: www.medscape.com --- 9 hours ago
This summary presents data from IAC 2008, on the epidemiology of HIV, hepatitis, TB, and STIs. Medscape HIV/AIDS ...

Source: www.medicinenet.com --- 33 days ago
Title: Tuberculosis Skin Test (PPD Skin Test) Category: Procedures and Tests Created: 1/13/2004 Last Editorial Review: 9/2/2008 ...

Source: www.medicalnewstoday.com --- 24 days ago
For the first time in more than 80 years a promising live vaccine against Tuberculosis has passed into the clinical phase in Germany: Since Monday of this week the new vaccine, which goes by the designation "VPM1002", has begun safety testing on volunteers in a Phase I clinical trial in Neuss, Germany. It is based on a highly safe vaccine that was introduced in 1921. ...

Source: www.moreover.com --- 24 days ago
Huliq.com Sep 13 2008 6:05AM GMT ...

Source: www.sacbee.com --- 30 days ago
San Bernardino county officials say they have forced a Tuberculosis patient into medical isolation after health officials suspected the patient was not taking medication and was going to work. ...