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Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 2 days ago
Related Articles Pharmacokinetics of gentamicin in hemodialysis Patients: a comparative study between Diabetic and non-Diabetic Patients. Int Urol Nephrol. 2008 Sep 3; Authors: Al-Homrany MA, Irshaid YM, El Sherif AK, Omar HA Diabetic nephropathy is one of the leading causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). There is some evidence that differences in extracellular fluid volume and capillary permeability do exist between Diabetic and non-Diabetic Patients. This may have an impact on the gentamicin volume of distribution and clearance and thus dosing regimen. The pharmacokinetic parameters of gentamicin [volume of distribution (Vd), clearance (CL), elimination rate constant (K), and half life of elimination (t((1/2)))] were studied before hemodialysis in 20 non-Diabetic Patients (controls) and 20 Diabetic Patients, in addition to its hemodialysis clearance.There were no statistically significant differences in Vd, CL, K, and t((1/2)) of gentamicin between the control and Diabetic group. Therefore, a composite Vd of 0.25 l/kg and clearance of 0.063 ml/min/kg are suggested for dose calculation for both groups of Patients. The mean hemodialysis clearance of gentamicin was higher in the Diabetic (87.3 ml/min) than the control group (68.5 ml/min), comparing means by the unpaired t-test (P = 0.018).In conclusion, the same method can be used to calculate the loading dose of gentamicin in ESRD Patients between dialysis sessions in both controls ... Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 34 days ago
Related Articles Central pontine lesions observed with MRI in four Diabetic Patients. Intern Med. 2008;47(15):1425-30 Authors: Ichikawa H, Murakami H, Katoh H, Hieda S, Kawamura M We report four Diabetic Patients with a central pontine lesion on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). All Patients also had hypertension, Diabetic neuropathy and nephropathy, and three had chronic hepatitis C. Their neurological symptoms were disproportionately mild compared with the MRI features, which were of high intensity on T2-weighted images, but were less prominent on T1- and diffusion-weighted images. A subclinical pontine lesion was found in two Patients who had undergone MRI previously. We consider that diabetes mellitus is an important factor for developing a pontine lesion with or without symptoms, probably in association with hepato-renal problems and hypertension. PMID: 18670150 [PubMed - in process] ... Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 23 days ago
Related Articles Improved survival of Diabetic foot ulcer Patients 1995-2008, possible impact of aggressive cardiovascular risk management. Diabetes Care. 2008 Aug 12; Authors: Young MJ, McCardle JE, Randall LE, Barclay JI Objectives: To determine if a strategy of aggressive cardiovascular risk management reduced the mortality associated with Diabetic foot ulceration. Research design and methods: Following an initial audit of outcomes demonstrating a high mortality rate in 404 Diabetic foot ulceration Patients with first ulceration developing between 1995 and 1999, a new aggressive cardiovascular risk policy was introduced as standard practice at the Diabetic Foot Clinic, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh in 2001. 251 Patients were screened and identified in the first three years of this policy. The audit cycle was then closed by re-auditing the five year mortality for a second group of foot ulcer Patients in 2008. Results: Overall five-year mortality reduced from 48.0% in cohort 1 to 26.8% in cohort 2 (p<0.001). Improvement in survival was seen for both neuroischaemic Patients (five year mortality 58% to 36% relative reduction 38%) and neuropathic Patients (36% to 19%, relative reduction 47%), both p<0.001. Patients were more likely to die if they were older at time of ulceration or had type 2 diabetes, renal impairment, pre-existing cardiovascular disease or were already on aspirin. Prior statin use, current or ex smoking, blood pressure ... Source: www.moreover.com --- 24 days ago
Combining drugs and laser procedures in the treatment of Diabetic retinopathy and Diabetic macular edema could be the most effective way of controlling damage, experts said. ... Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 30 days ago
Related Articles The effect of venlafaxine HCl on painful peripheral Diabetic neuropathy in Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Complications. 2008 Jul-Aug;22(4):241-5 Authors: Kadiroglu AK, Sit D, Kayabasi H, Tuzcu AK, Tasdemir N, Yilmaz ME OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of venlafaxine HCl in the symptomatic treatment of painful peripheral Diabetic neuropathy (PPDN) among Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). DESIGN: This study was designed as a prospective, randomized, and controlled trial. SETTING: This study was conducted at the Dicle University Medical Faculty (Diyarbakir, Turkey). Patients: Sixty type 2 DM outpatients (47 females and 13 males) with PPDN who had a minimum visual analog scale (VAS) score of 40 mm were enrolled in this study. INTERVENTIONS: Patients randomized to the treatment group (n=30) received venlafaxine HCl, whereas those randomized to the control group (n=30) received a combination of vitamins B(1)and B(6) tablets. MEASURES: Severity of pain was measured by VAS, Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire, and numerical analog scale scores at admission and at the second, fourth, and eighth weeks of the study. Polyneuropathy was supported by electromyelography. OUTCOME: In the treatment group, severity of pain was measured as 70.0+/-13.0 in the VAS, as 24.9+/-6.2 in the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire, and as 7.2+/-1.1 in the numerical analog scale. In ... Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 22 days ago
Related Articles Microalbuminuria reduction with telmisartan in normotensive and hypertensive Japanese Patients with type 2 diabetes: a post-hoc analysis of The Incipient to Overt: Angiotensin II Blocker, Telmisartan, Investigation on Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy (INNOVATION) study. Hypertens Res. 2008 Apr;31(4):657-64 Authors: Makino H, Haneda M, Babazono T, Moriya T, Ito S, Iwamoto Y, Kawamori R, Takeuchi M, Katayama S, The Incipient to Overt: Angiotensin II Blocker, Telmisartan, Investigation on Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy (INNOVATION) study previously showed that treatment with telmisartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, effectively reduced the transition from incipient to overt nephropathy in Japanese type 2 Diabetic Patients. However, that large study included both normotensive and hypertensive Patients. In the present post hoc analysis, we aimed to assess whether or not telmisartan elicits beneficial effects on the progression of microalbuminuria in normotensive Patients. We randomized 163 microalbuminuric (urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio: UACR of 100 to 300 mg/g creatinine) normotensive type 2 Diabetic Patients to treatment with telmisartan (40 or 80 mg once daily) or placebo over 52 weeks. The Patients treated with either dose of telmisartan showed lower transition rates from microalbuminuria to overt nephropathy compared to the placebo group. In addition, more Patients on telmisartan reverted to normoalbuminuria (UAC ... Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 16 days ago
Related Articles DPP-4 inhibitors and GLP-1 analogues: for whom? Which place for incretins in the management of type 2 Diabetic Patients? Diabetes Metab. 2008 Feb;34 Suppl 2:S91-5 Authors: Halimi S This review tries to delineate how to insert the GLP-1 based agents, DPP4-inhibitors (sitagliptin and vildagliptin) and GLP-1 analogues (exenatide and liraglutide), in the guidelines and the daily practice for the management of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Orally administered DPP-4 inhibitors reduce HbA(1c) by 0.5-1.1%, without hypoglycaemic events and no weight gain. The subcutaneous injected GLP-1 analogues show larger reductions in HbA(1c) by 0.8-1.7% and a weight loss (1.75-3.8 kg) with most gastrointestinal common adverse events contributing to a significant treatment interruption. Regarding the efficacy, the cost and the safety of these drugs they will no challenge the use of metformin as the initial therapy of T2DM. In Patients'not tolerating metformin or in older Patients, DPP-4 inhibitors seem to be an excellent alternative monotherapy. Several studies argue in favour of the use of DPP-4 inhibitors in combination with metformin as a promising second line treatment. This combination offers advantages when compared to others currently used, particularly if one considers the more stringent guidelines with a higher risk of hypoglycaemic events in patient receiving sulfonylureas and mild hyperglycaemia or weight gain with thiazolidinedione ( ... Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 35 days ago
Related Articles Evaluation of a System for Automatic Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy From Color Fundus Photographs in a Large Population of Patients With Diabetes: Response to Olson et al. Diabetes Care. 2008 Aug;31(8):e64 Authors: Abràmoff MD, Niemeijer M, Suttorp-Schulten MS, Viergever MA, Russell SR, van Ginneken B PMID: 18663231 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] ... Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 20 days ago
Related Articles Oxidized to non-oxidized lipoprotein ratios are associated with arteriosclerosis and the metabolic syndrome in Diabetic Patients. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2008 Jun;18(5):380-7 Authors: Girona J, Manzanares JM, Marimón F, Cabré A, Heras M, Guardiola M, Ribalta J, Masana L BACKGROUND AND AIM: Type 2 Diabetic Patients have a greater prevalence of the metabolic syndrome, oxidative stress and accelerated atherosclerosis, compared to non-diabetics. We examined the association between biomarkers of lipid peroxidation and the presence of atherosclerosis and the metabolic syndrome in Diabetic Patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied oxidized LDL (OxLDL), OxLDL/LDL, OxLDL/HDL, lipoperoxides, autoantibodies against OxLDL (OxLDL-Ab), diene formation of LDL (lag phase), vitamin E, vitamin E/cholesterol and PON1 polymorphisms (-108C>T, 55T>A, and 192A>G) in 166 non-smoking type 2 Diabetic Patients, 119 fulfilling the criteria for the metabolic syndrome, 73 with atherosclerosis and 93 without atherosclerosis. Patients with macrovascular disease had higher values of OxLDL/LDL (11%; P=0.016), OxLDL/HDL (18%; P=0.024) and OxLDL-Ab (12%; P=0.046). OxLDL/LDL and OxLDL/HDL were correlated with the number of components of the metabolic syndrome (P<0.001). PON1 polymorphisms were not associated to LDL oxidation markers, only PON1 (-108TT) was weakly associated with higher OxLDL-Ab concentrations (22%; P=0.040) in Patients with atheroscler ... Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 35 days ago
Related Articles Evaluation of a system for automatic detection of Diabetic retinopathy from color fundus photographs in a large population of Patients with diabetes: response to Abramoff et al. Diabetes Care. 2008 Aug;31(8):e63; author reply e64 Authors: Olson JA, Sharp PF, Fleming A, Philip S PMID: 18663230 [PubMed - in process] ... Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 35 days ago
Related Articles Pattern of potential drug-drug interactions in Diabetic out-Patients in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Nepal. Med J Malaysia. 2007 Oct;62(4):294-8 Authors: Dinesh KU, Subish P, Pranaya M, Shankar PR, Anil SK, Durga B A prospective study was conducted at Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal to identify and analyze the pattern of the potential DDIs (drug-drug interaction) in diabetes Patients. A total of 182 Patients who were prescribed 685 drugs (average, 3.76 drugs per prescription) were enrolled. Patients 51 to 60 years of age had a higher risk [43 Patients, or (23.6%)] of developing DDIs. It was found that 174 (92.1%) of the potential DDIs were of "moderate" severity. Cardiovascular drugs carried a risk of DDIs (187 drugs, or 49.5%). The most common potential DDI observed was between metformin and enalapril (n = 64). PMID: 18551932 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ... Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 25 days ago
Related Articles Development of a predictive model for early death in Diabetic Patients entering hemodialysis: a population-based study. Acta Diabetol. 2008 Aug 8; Authors: Mauri JM, Vela E, Clèries M The aim of this study was to investigate whether early death following the start of dialysis treatment can be explained by predialysis comorbid conditions, and to develop a prognostic model to predict early death in these Patients. All Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) over 19 years of age entering hemodialysis in Catalonia in the 1997-2002 period (n = 1,365) were assessed from prospectively obtained data in the Catalan Renal Registry. Logistic regression was used to identify the risk factors associated with mortality at 3, 6 and 12 months of hemodialysis. Mortality at 3 months was found to be associated with age (RR: 1.53/10 years), low grades of functional autonomy, defined as "limited" (RR: 2.28) or "special care" (RR: 4.60), heart disease (RR: 2.23), and use of a catheter as the first vascular access (RR: 2.45). Malignant conditions and malnutrition were found to be additional significant risk factors for mortality at 12 months (RR: 1.68 and 1.74, respectively). Based on the multivariate analysis results, an individual prognostic model was formulated. This study confirms previous data suggesting that predialysis comorbid conditions are significantly associated with mortality in DM Patients on dialysis and provides a prognostic mod ... Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 12 days ago
Related Articles Aldose Reductase Genotypes and Cardio-Renal Complications - A 8-year Prospective Analysis of 1074 Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Diabetes Care. 2008 Aug 20; Authors: So WY, Wang Y, Ng MC, Yang X, Ma RC, Lam V, Kong AP, Tong PC, Chan JC Background: We reported the independent risk association of type 2 Diabetic nephropathy with z-2 allele of the 5'-(CA)(n) microsatellite and C-106T promoter polymorphisms of the aldose reductase (ALR2) gene using case-control design. In this expanded cohort, we examined their predictive roles on new onset of cardio-renal complications using a prospective design. Methods: In this 8-year prospective cohort of 1074 type 2 Diabetic Patients (59% male, median age: 61 years; disease duration: 7 years) with an observation period of 8592 person-years, none had clinical evidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) or chronic kidney disease (CKD) at recruitment. Renal endpoint was defined as new onset of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 min/min/1.72m(2), hospitalizations with dialysis or death due to renal disease while CHD was defined as hospitalizations with myocardial infarction, ischemic heart disease or related deaths. Results: After controlling for baseline risk factors and use of medications, ALR2 z-2 allele of (CA)(n) microsatellite carriers had increased risk of renal [hazard ratio, 1.53; 95 percent confidence interval, (1.14-2.05) p=0.005] or combined cardio-renal endpoints [1.31 ... Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 34 days ago
Related Articles Anemia in Diabetic Patients. Clin Geriatr Med. 2008 Aug;24(3):529-40 Authors: Thomas DR Anemia is common in Diabetic Patients and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The observations that diabetes-related chronic kidney disease is more common than chronic kidney disease of other etiologies, that anemia may occur earlier in diabetes-related chronic kidney disease than in other types of chronic kidney disease, and that anemia in diabetes-related kidney disease often is found without measurable renal impairment suggest that the Diabetic population may have a predilection to the development of anemia. Anemia is associated with a poorer prognosis in Diabetic-associated comorbid conditions, but targeted correction of anemia has improved Diabetic Patients' quality of life. PMID: 18672187 [PubMed - in process] ... Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 31 days ago
Related Articles Serum Levels of Adiponectin are Associated with Diabetic Retinopathy and with Adiponectin Gene Mutations in Caucasian Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2008 Mar 25; Authors: Zietz B, Buechler C, Kobuch K, Neumeier M, Schölmerich J, Schäffler A INTRODUCTION: Even Diabetic Patients with excellent glycemic control can develop Diabetic complications very early. Possibly, not only the degree of glycemic control, but other factors as well are responsible for the development of Diabetic microangiopathy. Since adiponectin represents an adipocyte-specific secretory protein modulating endothelial cell functions, it was the aim of the present study to investigate the role of adiponectin serum levels as well as adiponectin gene polymorphisms in the development of Diabetic retinopathy. METHODS: A population based cohort of caucasian Patients (n=523) with type 2 diabetes mellitus was recruited from an epidemiological field survey. Serum adiponectin levels were determined by ELISA. Genotypes of the Tyr111His and the Gly15Gly polymorphism were determined by PCR-based RFLP analysis. Diabetic retinopathy was graded by fundus photography. RESULTS: The data demonstrate, that a) the Tyr111His (T-->C) polymorphism influences adiponectin serum levels, b) adiponectin serum levels do correlate with the prevalence of Diabetic retinopathy, and c) Patients heterozygous for the +45 T-->G (Gly15Gly) polymorphism ... Source: www.medscape.com --- 33 days ago
Reduced nephron number is hypothesized to be a risk factor for chronic kidney disease and hypertension. Whether reduced nephron number accelerates the early stages of Diabetic nephropathy is unknown. Diabetes ... Source: www.medicalnewstoday.com --- 17 days ago
Duloxetine hydrochloride maintained pain reduction in the treatment of Diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain (DPNP) for more than six months,[i] according to new data presented today at the 12th World Congress on Pain in Glasgow, Scotland. ... Source: www.medicalnewstoday.com --- 4 days ago
The issue of using or not using DES in Patients with diabetes will be debated between Professor Wijns, who discourages DES and Professor Silber, who feels that they should be used. Diabetes is increasingly viewed as a coronary artery disease equivalent. ... Source: www.moreover.com --- 5 days ago
KLFY Sep 1 2008 9:17PM GMT ... Source: www.moreover.com --- 28 days ago
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