Cirrhosis

Source: menshealth.about.com --- 51 days ago
Cirrhosis of the liver is more common in men than women. There are a number of diseases that cause Cirrhosis but the most common are hepatitis C and alcohol abuse. One of the problems with Cirrhosis of the liver is that signs and symptoms may not appear until the disease is quite advanced. ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 8 days ago
Related Articles Effect of hepatocyte growth factor encapsulated in targeted liposomes on liver Cirrhosis. J Control Release. 2008 Jul 20; Authors: Li F, Sun JY, Wang JY, Du SL, Lu WY, Liu M, Xie C, Shi JY Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) was encapsulated into sterically stabilized liposomes (SSL) in order to protect it from in vivo degradation. Cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptides were combined with maleimide-[poly (ethylene glycol)]-1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (MAL-PEG-DOPE) incorporated into SSL. The average percentage of HGF encapsulated into liposomes was 32.38%, the size of liposomes was 91.56 nm and the polydispersity index was 0.164. In vivo, histological observation of the rat livers revealed that injection of RGD-SSL-HGF induced more significant remission of liver Cirrhosis than injection of SSL-HGF, HGF alone, HGF plus RGD-SSL and saline. When the histological score, the collagen surface density, the hydroxyproline content and the expression of procollagen alpha1 (I) and alpha1 (III) mRNA in the liver were evaluated, all values were smallest in the RGD-SSL-HGF group. In contrast, an increase in apoptotic alpha-SMA-positive cells was noted in the RGD-SSL-HGF group. Together, this data suggests that targeted liposomes encapsulating HGF is a promising therapeutic modality in terms of promoting the remission of liver Cirrhosis by promoting collagen fiber digestion, inhibiting collagen production, and promoting apopt ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 18 days ago
Related Articles TIPSS procedure in the treatment of a single patient after recent heart transplantation because of refractory ascites due to cardiac Cirrhosis. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2008 Jul;31 Suppl 2:S188-91 Authors: Fava M, Meneses L, Loyola S, Castro P, Barahona F We present the case of a female patient with arrhythmogenic dysplasia of the right ventricle who evolved to refractory heart failure, ascites, and peripheral edema. As a result, heart transplantation was performed. Subsequently, refractory ascites impaired the patient's respiratory function, resulting in prolonged mechanical ventilation. She was successfully treated with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPSS) placement, which allowed satisfactory weaning of ventilatory support. PMID: 18071789 [PubMed - in process] ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 31 days ago
Related Articles Pituitary hormone circadian rhythm alterations in Cirrhosis patients with subclinical hepatic encephalopathy. World J Gastroenterol. 2008 Jul 14;14(26):4190-5 Authors: Velissaris D, Karanikolas M, Kalogeropoulos A, Solomou E, Polychronopoulos P, Thomopoulos K, Labropoulou-Karatza C AIM: To analyze pituitary hormone and melatonin circadian rhythms, and to correlate hormonal alterations with clinical performance, hepatic disease severity and diagnostic tests used for the detection of hepatic encephalopathy in Cirrhosis. METHODS: Twenty-six patients with Cirrhosis were enrolled in the study. Thirteen patients hospitalized for systemic diseases not affecting the liver were included as controls. Liver disease severity was assessed by the Child-Pugh score. All patients underwent detailed neurological assessment, electroencephalogram (EEG), brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), assays of pituitary hormone, cortisol and melatonin, and complete blood chemistry evaluation. RESULTS: Pituitary hormone and melatonin circadian patterns were altered in Cirrhosis patients without clinical encephalopathy. Circadian hormone alterations were different in Cirrhosis patients compared with controls. Although cortisol secretion was not altered in any patient with Cirrhosis, the basal cortisol levels were low and correlated with EEG and brain MRI abnormalities. Melatonin was the only hormone associated with the severity of liver insufficien ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 33 days ago
Related Articles Fluid retention in Cirrhosis: pathophysiology and management. QJM. 2008 Feb;101(2):71-85 Authors: Kashani A, Landaverde C, Medici V, Rossaro L Accumulation of fluid as ascites is the most common complication of Cirrhosis. This is occurring in about 50% of patients within 10 years of the diagnosis of Cirrhosis. It is a prognostic sign with 1-year and 5-year survival of 85% and 56%, respectively. The most acceptable theory for ascites formation is peripheral arterial vasodilation leading to underfilling of circulatory volume. This triggers the baroreceptor-mediated activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, sympathetic nervous system and nonosmotic release of vasopressin to restore circulatory integrity. The result is an avid sodium and water retention, identified as a preascitic state. This condition will evolve in overt fluid retention and ascites, as the liver disease progresses. Once ascites is present, most therapeutic modalities are directed on maintaining negative sodium balance, including salt restriction, bed rest and diuretics. Paracentesis and albumin infusion is applied to tense ascites. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt is considered for refractory ascites. With worsening of liver disease, fluid retention is associated with other complications; such as spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. This is a primary infection of ascitic fluid caused by organisms originating from large intestinal no ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 24 days ago
Related Articles Potent antioxidant role of Pirfenidone in experimental Cirrhosis. Eur J Pharmacol. 2008 Jul 9; Authors: Salazar-Montes A, Ruiz-Corro L, López-Reyes A, Castrejón-Gómez E, Armendáriz-Borunda J Three important features must be considered when proposing therapeutic strategies in liver Cirrhosis: inflammation, oxidative stress and fibrogenesis. Pirfenidone is a synthetic molecule which oxidative action has not been tested in Cirrhosis. Cirrhosis was induced in rats by ligation of the common bile duct or carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) chronic intoxication and treated with Pirfenidone or Diphenyleneiodonium (a potent known antioxidant) for the last two weeks for bile duct ligation model or for the last three weeks for CCl(4) chronic intoxication. A 60% reduction in fibrosis index for bile duct ligation model and 42% for CCl(4) along with reduced inflammation was observed. Considerable reduction on hepatic enzymes and total and direct bilirubins were detected with Pirfenidone in both models. Pirfenidone antioxidant capacity rendered a 28% and 30% reduction in nitrites and Malonyldealdehide concentration in bile duct ligation and 52% and 38% in CCl(4). With respect to gene expression, fibrotic genes like transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and Collagen Ialpha (Col-1alpha) were down-regulated by Pirfenidone and increased expression of regenerative genes like hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and c-met . superoxide dismutase ( ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 21 days ago
Related Articles Clinical and pathologic risk factors for atherosclerosis in Cirrhosis: A comparison between NASH-related Cirrhosis and Cirrhosis due to other aetiologies. J Hepatol. 2008 Jun 27; Authors: Kadayifci A, Tan V, Ursell PC, Merriman RB, Bass NM BACKGROUND/AIMS: The precise prevalence of risk factors for atherosclerosis in NASH-related Cirrhosis is unknown. The aims of this study were: (1) to compare the prevalence of major risk factors for atherosclerosis between subjects who underwent liver transplantation for NASH-related Cirrhosis and those with Cirrhosis of other aetiologies and (2) to compare pathologic changes of atherosclerosis within the explants hepatic hilar arteries between the groups. METHODS: Sixty subjects with NASH-related Cirrhosis and 60 subjects with Cirrhosis of other aetiologies were reviewed retrospectively. Demographic and clinical characteristics related to atherosclerosis were analyzed and compared. The hepatic hilar arteries of the explanted livers were examined for pathologic changes. RESULTS: The prevalence of all coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors and the metabolic syndrome was significantly higher in NASH-related Cirrhosis group compared to Cirrhosis of other aetiologies. The proportion of patients with a diagnosis of CAD was also significantly higher in the NASH-related Cirrhosis group (21.6% vs. 5%, p=0.005). Pathological examination of hilar arteries showed possible atherosclerotic ch ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 32 days ago
Autologous Infusion of Expanded Mobilized Adult Bone Marrow-Derived CD34+ Cells Into Patients With Alcoholic Liver Cirrhosis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2008 Jun 30; Authors: Pai M, Zacharoulis D, Milicevic MN, Helmy S, Jiao LR, Levičar N, Tait P, Scott M, Marley SB, Jestice K, Glibetic M, Bansi D, Khan SA, Kyriakou D, Rountas C, Thillainayagam A, Nicholls JP, Jensen S, Apperley JF, Gordon MY, Habib NA OBJECTIVES: Recent advances in regenerative medicine, including hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation, have brought hope for patients with severe alcoholic liver Cirrhosis (ALC). The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of administering autologous expanded mobilized adult progenitor CD34+ cells into the hepatic artery of ALC patients and the potential improvement in the liver function. METHODS: Nine patients with biopsy-proven ALC, who had abstained from alcohol for at least 6 months, were recruited into the study. Following granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) mobilization and leukapheresis, the autologous CD34+ cells were expanded in vitro and injected into the hepatic artery. All patients were monitored for side effects, toxicities, and changes in the clinical, hematological, and biochemical parameters. RESULTS: On average, a five-fold expansion in cell number was achieved in vitro, with a mean total nucleated cell count (TNCC) of 2.3 x 10(8) pre infusion. All patients tolerated the procedure well, and the ...

Source: www.healthboards.com --- 19 days ago
Board: Liver Disorders Posted By: 4jems Post Time: 07-31-2008 at 10:35 AM ...

Source: forums.studentdoctor.net --- 38 days ago
Okay, so while reading for my last clerkship of third year, family medicine; I read in Blueprints Clinical Cases (copyright 2007) that "Hepatitis C has surpassed alcoholic liver disease as the most common cause of Cirrhosis in the US (26%). ... ...

Source: www.docguide.com --- 50 days ago
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Source: www.docguide.com --- 22 days ago
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Source: www.healthcentral.com --- 19 days ago
After a motor vehicle crash, hospitalized patients with Cirrhosis have a poorer prognosis than those without the liver scarring disease, according to research from the Medical College of Wisconsin, in Milwaukee. ...

Source: www.javno.com --- 16 days ago
The reduced capability of thinking rationally leads to apathy, while lingeringly abuse of alcohol leads to alcoholic psychoses. ...

Source: www.fwicki.com --- 49 days ago
Dear Dr. Donohue: Please write about the liver. My daughter has Cirrhosis. She has never drunk alcohol or done drugs. They can't find out what caused it. Anything you can tell us would be really appreciated. M.R. Dear M.R.: The liver is the body's ... ...

Source: www.fwicki.com --- 31 days ago
Cirrhosis: Caring for Patients with End-stage Liver Failure Lynn A. Kelso RN, APRN, BC, MSN, FCCM The Nurse Practitioner: The American Journal of Primary Health Care July 2008 Volume 33 Number 7 Pages 24 - 30 ... ...

Source: nursingcrib.com --- 2 days ago
INTRODUCTION: Cirrhosis of the liver is a chronic disease that causes cell destruction and fibrosis (scarring) of hepatic tissue. Fibrosis alters normal liver structure and vasculature, impairing blood and lymph flow and resulting in hepatic insufficiency and hypertension in the portal vein. Complications include hyponatremia, water retention, bleeding esophageal varices. Coagulopathy, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and hepatic [...] ...

Source: www.gastrohep.com --- 2 days ago
There is a lack of correlation between serum anti-HBcore detectability and hepatocellular carcinoma in HCV-related Cirrhosis, reports August‘s American Journal of Gastroenterology. ...

Source: www.gastrohep.com --- 39 days ago
(2007) Am J Gastroenterol 102(7). Christou L, Pappas G, Falagas ME. ...

Source: www.moreover.com --- 5 days ago
NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - New research suggests that use of older donor grafts does not compromise outcomes in liver transplant recipients with hepatitis C virus (HCV). HCV Cirrhosis is the main reason for liver transplantation in the United States, ...