Adolescence

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 1 day ago
Related Articles Effects of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms on development of nicotine dependence from mid Adolescence to young adulthood. J Pediatr Psychol. 2008 Jul;33(6):563-75 Authors: Rodriguez D, Tercyak KP, Audrain-McGovern J OBJECTIVE: The relationship of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and smoking is well documented. However, it is unclear whether ADHD symptoms relate to nicotine dependence (ND) symptoms from Adolescence to young adulthood. We sought to assess the relationship of ADHD Hyperactivity-Impulsivity (H/I) and Inattention (I) symptoms with ND symptoms in a community sample from Adolescence to young adulthood (ages 18-21). METHODS: Participants were adolescents (n = 672) smoking at least one whole cigarette in their lifetime. Participants are members of a prospective cohort study (ages 14-22) evaluating the bio-behavioral predictors of smoking. Data were analyzed with a two-piece latent growth curve model. RESULTS: ADHD-I symptoms were associated with ND symptoms acceleration in Adolescence, but slowing acceleration in young adulthood, whereas ADHD-H/I symptoms were associated with ND symptoms acceleration in young adulthood. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest the relationship of ADHD and ND symptoms may differ by symptom type, and the developmental period assessed. PMID: 17956929 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 12 days ago
Related Articles Blood pressure variability and classification of prehypertension and hypertension in Adolescence. Pediatrics. 2008 Aug;122(2):238-42 Authors: Falkner B, Gidding SS, Portman R, Rosner B OBJECTIVE: There is little information in pediatrics on the persistence of the prehypertension and hypertension classifications or on the progression of prehypertension to hypertension. This study aimed to examine those issues. METHODS: An analysis of data from the National Childhood Blood Pressure database was conducted to examine the longitudinal blood pressure outcomes for adolescents classified after a single measurement of blood pressure. Adolescent subjects (N = 8535) for whom serial single blood pressure measurements were obtained at intervals of 2 years were identified. Subjects were stratified according to blood pressure status at the initial measurement, as having normotension, prehypertension, or hypertension. RESULTS: Among subjects designated as having prehypertension (n = 1470), 14% of boys and 12% of girls had hypertension 2 years later. Among subjects designated as having hypertension, 31% of boys and 26% of girls continued to exhibit hypertension, and 47% of boys and 26% of girls had blood pressure values in the prehypertensive range. Regression models showed no significant effect of race on blood pressure changes but significant effects of initial BMI and changes in BMI. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicated that the rate ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 23 days ago
Related Articles Distinctions of bipolar disorder symptoms in Adolescence. Medicina (Kaunas). 2008;44(7):548-552 Authors: Gudienė D, Leskauskas D, Markevičiūtė A, Klimavičius D, Adomaitienė V Bipolar disorder in adolescents is a serious mental illness with problematic diagnosis that adversely affects social, academic, emotional, and family functioning. The objective of this study was to analyze features of premorbid and clinical symptoms, comorbidity, and course of bipolar disorder in Adolescence. Data for analysis were collected from all case histories (N=6) of 14-18-year-old patients, hospitalized with diagnosis of bipolar disorder in the Unit of Children's and Adolescents' Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Hospital of Kaunas University of Medicine, during the period from 2000 to 2005. Analysis of bipolar disorder course showed that five patients previously had been diagnosed with an episode of depression. The most frequent symptoms typical to bipolar disorder were disobedience and impulsive behavior, rapid changes of mood. The most common premorbid features were frequent changes of mood, being active in communication, hyperactive behavior. Adolescence-onset bipolar disorder was frequently comorbid with emotionally instable personality disorder, borderline type. Findings of the study confirm the notion that oppositional or impulsive behavior, rapid changes of mood without any reason, dysphoric mood and euphoric mood episodes with ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 20 days ago
Related Articles Learning of your parent's BRCA mutation during Adolescence or early adulthood: a study of offspring experiences. Psychooncology. 2008 Aug 13; Authors: Bradbury AR, Patrick-Miller L, Pawlowski K, Ibe CN, Cummings SA, Hlubocky F, Olopade OI, Daugherty CK Objective: To examine the experience, comprehension and perceptions of learning of a parent's BRCA mutation during Adolescence and early adulthood, and explore the impact on offspring's physical and psychosocial well-being.Methods: Semi-structured interviews were completed with 22 adult offspring who learned of their parent's BRCA mutation prior to age 25 years. Data were summarized using qualitative methods and response proportions.Results: Offspring reports of the content shared varied; discussion of cancer risks and offspring genetic testing were described more frequently than risk modification strategies. The majority of offspring reported a good understanding of the information shared and no negative aspects for learning this information. Some offspring reported changing their health behaviors after learning of the familial mutation; many tobacco users stopped smoking. Offspring interest in genetic counseling surrounding parent disclosure and genetic testing during adulthood were high.Conclusions: Some offspring understand and respond adaptively to early communication of a genetic risk for cancer, and disclosure may foster improved health behaviors during adolescenc ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 13 days ago
Related Articles Chronic social stress in Adolescence influenced both amphetamine conditioned place preference and locomotor sensitization. Dev Psychobiol. 2008 Jul;50(5):451-9 Authors: Mathews IZ, Mills RG, McCormick CM We previously reported that chronic social stress (SS) in Adolescence, but not in adulthood, increased the locomotor-activating effects of nicotine in females, and not males, when tested in adulthood. However, SS rats had decreased locomotor response to nicotine when tested in Adolescence. Here, we investigated age-related changes in the effects of SS on both conditioned place preference (CPP) and locomotor sensitization to amphetamine. In the CPP experiment, SS females tested in Adolescence had increased preference for the 1.0 mg/kg dose of amphetamine, whereas SS rats of both sexes showed a decrease in CPP for the 0.5 mg/kg dose when tested as adults. Irrespective of time of testing, SS males and females had enhanced locomotor sensitization compared to controls. Thus, adolescent SS produced both immediate and enduring effects on behavioral responses to amphetamine, likely by altering the development of the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system, which holds implications for vulnerability to addiction. PMID: 18551462 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 18 days ago
Related Articles Psychological inflexibility in childhood and Adolescence: development and evaluation of the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth. Psychol Assess. 2008 Jun;20(2):93-102 Authors: Greco LA, Lambert W, Baer RA The authors describe the development and validation of the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth (AFQ-Y), a child-report measure of psychological inflexibility engendered by high levels of cognitive fusion and experiential avoidance. Consistent with the theory underlying acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), items converged into a 17-item scale (AFQ-Y) and an 8-item short form (AFQ-Y8). A multimethod psychometric approach provides preliminary support for the reliability and validity of the AFQ-Y and AFQ-Y8. In 5 substudies, 3 samples (total N = 1369) were used to establish (a) item comprehension (n = 181), (b) initial item selection (n = 513), (c) final item reduction and development of a short form for research (n = 346), (d) comprehensive psychometric evaluation of the AFQ-Y and AFQ-Y8 (n = 329), and (e) convergent and construct validity for both versions of the AFQ-Y. Overall, results suggest that the AFQ-Y and AFQ-Y8 may be useful child-report measures of core ACT processes. PMID: 18557686 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 14 days ago
Related Articles Emotional difficulties in early Adolescence following severe early deprivation: findings from the English and Romanian adoptees study. Dev Psychopathol. 2008;20(2):547-67 Authors: Colvert E, Rutter M, Beckett C, Castle J, Groothues C, Hawkins A, Kreppner J, O'connor TG, Stevens S, Sonuga-Barke EJ The study assessed conduct and emotional difficulties in a group of Romanian adoptees at age 11, and serves as a follow-up to assessments made when the children were 6 years old. It was found that there was a significant increase in emotional difficulties, but not conduct problems, for the Romanian sample since age 6. It was also found that emotional difficulty was significantly more prevalent at age 11 in the Romanian group than in a within-UK adoptee group. Emotional difficulties in the Romanian adoptee group were found to be significantly and strongly related to previous deprivation-specific problems (disinhibited attachment, cognitive impairment, inattention/overactivity and quasi-autism); however, the presence of such early problems did not account fully for the onset of later emotional problems. Five contrasting hypotheses concerning possible mediators for later onset of emotional difficulties for the Romanian group were examined. No links were found to duration of deprivation or other deprivation-related indices, stresses/difficulties in the postadoption family environment, or educational attainment and self-esteem. The ...

Source: www2a.cdc.gov --- 11 days ago
This podcast offers positive tips as your child goes through Adolescence. ...

Source: www.npr.org --- 23 days ago
One of the worst fears of adolescents everywhere is throwing a party that no one attends. This actually happened to director Paul Weiland, who was left alone at his Bar Mitzvah because of the 1966 World Cup. Now, Weiland recreates his embarrassment for the amusement of others in his new movie, Sixty Six . ...

Source: www.springerlink.com --- 7 days ago
Abstract   Participants ( n  = 36) with consistent Pre-conformist ego development levels during multiple adolescent assessments were studied to determine whether and how their ego levels had changed at age 25. Those ( n  = 12) whose ego levels remained at the Pre-conformist level were assigned to a life-course-persistent profound ego development arrest trajectory group; those ( n  = 24) whose ego levels reached the Conformist or Post-conformist level at age 25 were assigned to an Adolescence-limited profound ego development arrest trajectory group. Analysis of predictors and age 25 correlates of group membership revealed that selected age 14 family interaction behaviors differentiated the two groups. At age 25, members of the Adolescence-limited group showed superior performance on several measures of interpersonal and intrapersonal functioning. Content Type Journal Article Category Empirical Research DOI 10.1007/s10964-008-9317-4 Authors Rebecca L. Billings, Judge Baker Children’s Center Boston MA USA Stuart T. Hauser, Judge Baker Children’s Center, Harvard Medical School 53 Parker Hill Avenue Boston MA 02120 USA Joseph P. Allen, University of Virginia Charlottesville VA USA Journal Journal of Youth and Adolescence Online ISSN 1573-6601 Print ISSN 0047-2891 ...

Source: www.springerlink.com --- 34 days ago
Abstract   This study examined the associations between adolescents’ daily Internet use and low well-being (i.e., loneliness, low self-esteem, and depressive moods). We hypothesized that (a) linkages between high levels of daily Internet use and low well-being would be mediated by compulsive Internet use (CIU), and (b) that adolescents with low levels of agreeableness and emotional stability, and high levels of introversion would be more likely to develop CIU and lower well-being. Data were used from a sample of 7888 Dutch adolescents (11–21 years). Results from structural equation modeling analyses showed that daily Internet use was indirectly related to low well-being through CIU. In addition, daily Internet use was found to be more strongly related to CIU in introverted, low-agreeable, and emotionally less-stable adolescents. In turn, again, CIU was more strongly linked to loneliness in introverted, emotionally less-stable, and less agreeable adolescents. Content Type Journal Article Category Empirical Research DOI 10.1007/s10964-008-9298-3 Authors Niels van der Aa, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Department of Biological Psychology Van der Boechorststraat 1 1081 Amsterdam BT The Netherlands Geertjan Overbeek, Radboud University Nijmegen Behavioral Science Institute (BSI) Nijmegen The Netherlands Rutger C. M. E. Engels, Radboud University Nijmegen Behavioral Science Institute (BSI) Nijmegen The Netherlands Ron H. J. Scholte, Radboud Uni ...

Source: www.sciencedaily.com --- 21 days ago
A new study detects a systematic link between children's "theory of mind" as assessed in kindergarten and their metacognitive knowledge in elementary school. ...

Source: www.medicalnewstoday.com --- 20 days ago
Metacognition refers to the awareness of one's knowledge in different areas. The more comprehensive and accurate this metacognitive knowledge, the better one is able to reflect about his or her own actions and behaviors. "Theory of Mind" (ToM) deals with very young children's understanding of mental life and the ability to estimate mental states. ...

Source: www.medicalnewstoday.com --- 29 days ago
New research suggests that traits such as obesity during Adolescence that may increase the risk of attacks from peers can result in health and psychological struggles that remain through young adulthood. The researchers say that this is one of the first studies to explore a possible link between victimization and weight changes for obese adolescents. ...

Source: www.moreover.com --- 1 day ago
MedWire News Sep 5 2008 6:04PM GMT ...

Source: www.pr.com --- 4 days ago
Outskirts Press, Inc. has published The Crescent Street Crew: A novel teens and young adults can identify with. by Chris'Ana B. Noel-Paul, which is the author’s most recent book to date. The 5.5 x 8.5 paperback in the Adolescence - General category is available worldwide on book retailer websites such as Amazon and Barnes & Noble for a suggested retail price of $8.95. The webpage at [PR.com - September 02, 2008] ...

Source: www.simpy.com --- 16 days ago
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Source: content.karger.com --- 33 days ago
Human Development 2008;51:202-224 (DOI:10.1159/000135757) ...

Source: www.emaxhealth.com --- 13 days ago
Many adolescent women shun red meat, driven by the lure of clothes-hanger figures and runway looks. But for those who don't, here's a reason to reconsider: Eating a lot of red meat during Adolescence may increase the risk of breast cancer among premenopausal women, a new study reports. The findings are based on a study published in a recent issue of Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention conducted by Dana-Farber oncologist Lindsay Frazier, MD, Sc M, and colleagues at the Harvard School of Public Health and Harvard Medical School. read more ...

Source: www.macon.com --- 13 days ago
QUESTION: My teenage son is becoming increasingly difficult to get along with. Isn't there some way to avoid this blackout period and the other stresses associated with the adolescent voyage? ...