Acute Renal Failure

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 4 days ago
Related Articles A new approach to Acute Renal Failure. Compr Ther. 2008;34(1):18-23 Authors: Hirsch S The phrase pre-Renal Failure does not capture the subtleties of hemodynamic changes that result in low-normal blood pressure or volume and increased serum creatinine. Clarifying terms, normotensive ischemic Acute Renal Failure and prerenal success, are reviewed. PMID: 18681107 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 5 days ago
Related Articles Influenza A-associated rhabdomyolysis with Acute Renal Failure. Klin Padiatr. 2008 Jul-Aug;220(4):266-7 Authors: Dworschak AM, Wiebe B, Pohlmann U, Ehlen M, Scholer-Everts R, Bartmann P Rhabdomyolysis induced Acute Renal Failure as a rare complication of influenza A infection has been mainly described in adults. Consideration of this potentially life-threatening complication in pediatric patients presenting with influenza is important as clinical symptoms may be unspecific and early diagnosis leading to prompt treatment is essential to decrease associated morbidity and mortality. We report a 9 year old girl who developed severe rhabdomyolysis with myoglobinuric Renal Failure associated with influenza A virus infection. Receiving supportive therapy including intensive care management the patient recovered Renal function completely. PMID: 18654946 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 2 days ago
Related Articles Acute Renal Failure due to a primary Renal B-cell lymphoma. Am J Kidney Dis. 2008 Oct;52(4):808; author reply 808-9 Authors: Lopez R PMID: 18805357 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 30 days ago
Related Articles Transient worsening of Renal function during hospitalization for Acute heart Failure alters outcome. Int J Cardiol. 2008 Jul 4;127(2):228-32 Authors: Logeart D, Tabet JY, Hittinger L, Thabut G, Jourdain P, Maison P, Tartiere JM, Solal AC OBJECTIVE: We studied prevalence, causes and consequences of worsening Renal function (WRF) during hospitalization for Acute heart Failure (AHF). METHODS: Patients admitted for AHF were enrolled. Patients with severe chronic Renal Failure, cardiogenic shock and contrast medium-induced nephropathy were excluded. WRF was defined as an increase of 25 mumol/l or more in serum creatinine relative to the admission level. Survivors were monitored for 6 months, focusing on deaths and first unscheduled readmissions for heart Failure. RESULTS: Among the included 416 patients, WRF occurred in 152 cases (37%), 5+/-3 days after admission, and two-thirds of patients recovered their baseline Renal function before discharge. Old age, diabetes, hypertension and Acute coronary syndromes increased the risk of WRF. In-hospital furosemide doses as well as discharge treatment were similar in WRF and no-WRF patients. Serum creatinine elevation was the strongest independent determinant of a longer hospital stay (r=0.37, p=0.001). Adverse events occurred in 158 patients (38%) during follow-up, with 23 deaths and 135 readmissions. Cox analysis showed that WRF, transient or not, was an independent predictor of th ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 19 days ago
Related Articles Stem cells for kidney repair: useful tool for Acute Renal Failure? Kidney Int. 2008 Oct;74(7):847-9 Authors: Yokoo T, Kawamura T, Kobayashi E Several cell types isolated from adult tissues have been reported to differentiate into mature kidney cells that may participate in Renal repair after systemic administration. Chen et al. report that local mesenchymal stem cells derived from adult mouse kidneys are another source of cells with similar properties. Although these cells have the potential to differentiate into endothelial-lineage cell types, their therapeutic benefit to the ischemic kidney is mainly via the production of renoprotective factors.Kidney International (2008) 74, 847-849. doi:10.1038/ki.2008.327. PMID: 18794815 [PubMed - in process] ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 13 days ago
Related Articles [Acute Renal Failure as the first symptom of primary Renal lymphoma] Ter Arkh. 2008;80(6):73-6 Authors: Prokopenko EI, Scherbakova EO, Koshelev RV, Vatazin AV, Dudina GA, Stashuk GA, Vorontsova SV, Stoliarevich ES PMID: 18655482 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 10 days ago
Related Articles The effect of aprotinin on risk of Acute Renal Failure requiring dialysis after on-pump cardiac surgery. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2008 May;36(3):374-8 Authors: Raajkumar A, Ho KM, Cokis C, Slade N The use of aprotinin in cardiac surgery to reduce perioperative bleeding and transfusion is controversial. We assessed the effect of aprotinin on the risk of Acute Renal Failure in 423 patients who underwent on-pump cardiac surgery between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2006. Of these 423 patients, 318 (75.2%) received aprotinin (median dose=3.0 million KIU, standard deviation=2.8 million KIU; interquartile range: 2 million KIU to 4 million KIU). Aprotinin was more likely to be used in patients who did not cease aspirin before surgery, in urgent or emergency surgery, who had impaired left ventricular function, a longer period of bypass and aortic cross-clamp time, and with both coronary artery bypass graft and valvular surgery performed. The overall incidence of Acute Renal Failure requiring dialysis was 2.8%. The use of aprotinin was not associated with a reduction in transfusion nor an increased risk of Renal Failure requiring dialysis, atrial fibrillation, cerebrovascular accident or mortality in the univarate analyses. In the multivariate analysis, only preoperative serum creatinine concentration (odds ratio [OR] 1.06 per 10 micromol/l increment in creatinine, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01 to 1.14, P=0.029) and urg ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 10 days ago
Related Articles Dosing intermittent haemodialysis in the intensive care unit patient with Acute Renal Failure--estimation of urea removal and evidence for the regional blood flow model. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2008 Jul;23(7):2286-98 Authors: Kanagasundaram NS, Greene T, Larive AB, Daugirdas JT, Depner TA, Paganini EP, BACKGROUND: Blood-side dosing methods may overestimate urea removal in comparison to dialysate-side measurements during intermittent HD (IHD) for Acute Renal Failure (ARF). The present study sought to quantify this mass balance error (MBE) and explore potential explanatory factors. METHODS: Prospective, formal, blood-side urea kinetic modelling was performed in serial sessions (n = 42) in 18 intensive care unit ARF patients. Three blood-side estimates of urea removal were calculated and these were compared to urea removal derived from fractional dialysate sampling and use of an on-line urea monitor. We also examined urea rebound in these patients, as expressed by the intercompartmental urea clearance (Kc), and in a subset of patients examined the relation of Kc to cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance (SVR). RESULTS: The mean % MBE (MBE = blood - dialysate-estimated urea removal) was about 9% using conventional two-pool modelling based on a 60-min post-dialysis blood urea nitrogen (BUN) with or without the use of one or more intra-dialytic BUN values. The extent of MBE could not be explained by the clinical o ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 27 days ago
Related Articles Severe Acute Renal Failure following high-dose methotrexate therapy in adults with haematological malignances: a significant number result from unrecognized co-administration of several drugs. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2008 Sep 8; Authors: de Miguel D, García-Suárez J, Martín Y, Gil-Fernández JJ, Burgaleta C PMID: 18779628 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 5 days ago
Related Articles LOW-DOSE DEXAMETHASONE SUPPLEMENTED FLUID RESUSCITATION REVERSES ENDOTOXIN-INDUCED Acute Renal Failure AND PREVENTS CORTICAL MICROVASCULAR HYPOXIA. Shock. 2008 Sep 29; Authors: Johannes T, Mik EG, Klingel K, Dieterich HJ, Unertl KE, Ince C There is growing evidence that impairment in intrarenal oxygenation and hypoxic injury might contribute to the pathogenesis of septic Renal Failure. An important molecule known to act on the Renal microvascular tone and therefore consequently being involved in the regulation of intrarenal oxygen supply is NO. The main production of NO under septic conditions derives from iNOS, an enzyme that can be blocked by dexamethasone (DEX). In an animal model of endotoxin-induced Renal Failure, we tested the hypothesis that inhibition of iNOS by low-dose DEX would improve an impaired intrarenal oxygenation and kidney function. Twenty-two male Wistar rats received a 30-min intravenous infusion of LPS (2.5 mg/kg) and consecutively developed endotoxemic shock. Two hours later, in 12 animals, fluid resuscitation was initiated. Six rats did not receive resuscitation; four animals served as time control. In addition to the fluid, six animals received a bolus of low-dose DEX (0.1 mg/kg). In these animals, the Renal iNOS mRNA expression was significantly suppressed 3 h later. Dexamethasone prevented the appearance of cortical microcirculatory hypoxic areas, improved Renal oxygen delivery, and significa ...

Source: allnurses.com --- 3 days ago
finally i found my strong subject! i love what im learning about Acute and chronic Renal Failure. maybe its the instructor maybe its the information. my question is this... i understand the differences in symptoms in the phases and causes of Acute Renal Failure. however chronic Renal Failure seems just to be the symptoms of oliguric phase of intrarenal ARF. and then the changes in symptoms with dialysis is this correct? maybe i get it, maybe im trying to make it harder than it really is. i am just looking for some for sure tell tale signs and symptoms that will be determinate of Acute or chronic. thanks for your help. ...

Source: www.clinicalevidence.com --- 27 days ago
New evidence; conclusion changed for Renal replacement therapy (prophylactic haemofiltration/dialysis). New evidence; conclusion confirmed for Sodium chloride-based fluids, N-Acetylcysteine, Contrast media (iso-osmolar), Fenoldopam, Calcium channel blockers, Loop diuretics, Renal replacement therapy (high-dose continuous), Renal replacement therapy and Loop diuretics. ...

Source: www.cnn.com --- 20 days ago
A third baby has died after drinking tainted formula, Chinese officials said today. More than 6,200 babies have been sickened by milk powder now found to be tainted with the chemical melamine, said Li Changjiang, China's director of quarantine and inspection. The illnesses include malnutrition, kidney stones and Acute Renal Failure. ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 12 hours ago
Related Articles Acute lymphoblastic leukemia presenting as bilateral Renal enlargement in a child. Med Princ Pract. 2008;17(6):504-6 Authors: Ali SH, Yacoub FM, Al-Matar E OBJECTIVE: To report a case with early presentation of Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) as bilateral Renal masses and Renal Failure. CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND INTERVENTION: A 6-year-old boy was admitted with bilaterally enlarged kidneys and severe Renal impairment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed bilateral Renal enlargement with features suggestive of an infiltrative lesion. Accordingly, bone marrow examination was performed, and diagnosis of ALL was made. The patient developed Acute Renal Failure after initiation of chemotherapy, so he received hemodialysis. His Renal function normalized and kidney enlargement regressed. CONCLUSION: This case demonstrates an unusual early Renal involvement in ALL in a child. MRI is a valuable imaging modality in the evaluation of Renal masses. PMID: 18836283 [PubMed - in process] ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 5 days ago
Related Articles Pathways of Renal injury in systemic gram-negative sepsis. Eur J Clin Invest. 2008 Oct;38(s2Current concepts of pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy of urinary tract infection):39-44 Authors: El-Achkar TM, Hosein M, Dagher PC Acute Renal Failure is a grave complication of systemic gram-negative sepsis. The pathophysiological mechanisms of sepsis leading to kidney injury result in part from systemic inflammatory and haemodynamic alterations. These are triggered by the interaction of endotoxin with Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on cells of the immune system. Recently, TLR4 and other co-effector molecules were identified on Renal tubular and vascular cells. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that systemic endotoxin has direct access to Renal sites where these receptors are expressed. Therefore, we review data in support of this novel pathway of Renal injury in sepsis, whereby systemic endotoxin causes direct injury through interactions with local epithelial and endothelial TLR4. Eur J Clin Invest 2008; 38 (S2): 39-44. PMID: 18826480 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 12 hours ago
Related Articles Nephrotoxicity of mala fide melamine: modern era milk scandal. ScientificWorldJournal. 2008;8:949-50 Authors: Lattupalli R, Yee J, Kolluru A The major pet food recall in 2007 from Acute Renal Failure in cats and dogs was attributed to nephrolithiasis from melamine. High nitrogen content of melamine facilitates its illicit use as dietary non-protein nitrogen. Melamine was deemed a very low human risk until recent reports of Acute Renal Failure from melamine adulterated milk in China. The exact pathophysiology linking melamine to kidney disease is unclear. Affected animals showed crystal deposition. Cyanuric acid as an additional cofactor has been proposed in animals. While we await better scientific understanding of this entity in humans, it is advisable to avoid melamine which is not a bona fide nutritional protein but a mala fide one. PMID: 18836663 [PubMed - in process] ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 12 hours ago
Related Articles Renal Failure and recovery associated with second-generation Bcr-Abl kinase inhibitors in imatinib-resistant chronic myelogenous leukemia. Leuk Res. 2008 Oct 1; Authors: Holstein SA, Stokes JB, Hohl RJ Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) directed against the Bcr-Abl kinase have revolutionized the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Relatively little is known regarding the effects of these agents on the kidney. Clinically, there have been a handful of reports associating imatinib with Acute Renal Failure. Preclinical reports indicate that imatinib inhibits signaling pathways which may play a role in Renal injury. We report the case of a patient with imatinib-resistant CML who developed Renal Failure after being placed on dasatinib. When she later became resistant to dasatinib she was switched to nilotinib. Shortly thereafter, she became dialysis-independent. Second-generation Bcr-Abl TKIs may influence Renal function based on differential inhibition of related tyrosine kinases. PMID: 18835038 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 2 days ago
Related Articles Cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic Renal impairment: role of natriuretic peptides. Congest Heart Fail. 2008 Jul-Aug;14(4 Suppl 1):38-42 Authors: Vanderheyden M, Bartunek J, Filippatos G, Goethals M, Vlem BV, Maisel A Although there is overwhelming evidence that natriuretic peptides might be helpful in the diagnosis and management of congestive heart Failure patients, the relationship among brain natriuretic peptides (BNP), Renal function, and the severity of heart Failure is less clear. It is obvious that the metabolism and elimination of BNP and N-terminal prohormone brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) are different with BNP clearance less dependent upon Renal function. This paper reviews current data about the diagnostic and predictive role of natriuretic peptides to detect cardiac events in patients with chronic kidney disease. Although BNP and Nt-proBNP can be used to diagnose Acute heart Failure and may help predict risk and future cardiac events in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), a strategy that incorporates their use in daily clinical practice is still lacking. PMID: 18772631 [PubMed - in process] ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 12 hours ago
Related Articles Simultaneous heart and kidney transplantation from a single donor. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2008 Sep 30; Authors: Hsu RB, Tsai MK, Lee PH, Lee CM, Chen MF, Wang SS, Lin FY, Chu SH Objective: There are no guidelines to establish the indications and contraindications for a simultaneous heart and kidney transplantation. We report our single-institutional experience with simultaneous heart and kidney transplantation. Methods: Retrospective chart review. Results: Between 1995 and 2006, 13 patients with co-existing end-stage heart and Renal Failure underwent simultaneous heart and kidney transplantation at the authors' hospital. Heart Failure was secondary to dilated cardiomyopathy in five patients, ischemic cardiomyopathy in three, cardiac allograft vasculopathy in two, and congenital heart disease, cardiac allograft Failure, and Acute myocarditis each in one. Renal Failure was secondary to glomerulonephritis in six patients, heart Failure in two, cyclosporine nephropathy in three, hypertension in one, and systemic lupus erythematosus in one. Eight patients were in UNOS status IA and five patients in UNOS status II before transplantation. The 30-day mortality rate and in-hospital mortality rate were 15% and 38%. Of eight patients in UNOS status IA, seven patients have lived beyond 30 days and three (38%) beyond 1 year. Of five patients in UNOS status II, four patients have lived beyond 30 days and four (80%) beyond 1 year. ...

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --- 17 days ago
Radiocontrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. Nephron Physiol. 2008;109(4):p61-p72 Authors: McCullough PA Many radiographic studies and procedures use iodinated contrast media and consequently pose the risk of contrast-induced Acute kidney injury (AKI). This is an important complication, which accounts for a significant number of cases of hospital-acquired Renal Failure associated increased hospital length of stay and increased mortality. Sustained reductions in Renal blood flow, hypoxic injury, direct cellular toxicity by the contrast media, and superimposed organ injury are all believed to play a role in this form of AKI. Avoidance of dehydration and multimodality prevention measures may reduce rates of this problem in patients at risk. Contrast-induced AKI is likely to remain a significant challenge for specialists in the future since the patient population is aging, chronic kidney disease and diabetes are coming more common, and use of iodinated contrast is growing. PMID: 18802377 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] ...